126 Networking and Online Games: Understanding and Engineering
128 Networking and Online Games: Understanding and Engineering Multiplayer Internet Games Analogue loop Parallel network ADSL TU Local PSTN exchange ADSL TU DSLAM Internet PSTN Figure 8.3 Asymmetric digital subscriber line reliability while the interleave path provides mechanisms for improving reliability but at the cost of additional delay. An interleave path only version of ADSL is defined in G.992.2 [ITU1999b]. In cases where both paths are defined, capacity can be distributed between the two paths. This distribution can occur during use, but causes latency of up to 20 ms. ADSL is designed to adapt to changing characteristics of the copper loop. Although it occurs infrequently, when link speeds are adapted up or down, quite long delays of up to 3 seconds can be experienced during the adaptation process with obvious consequences for game players. ADSL is mostly used in association with another access network technology. ADSL provides connectivity between the residence and the exchange. Another home network technology is used to connect individual users to the ADSL network. A typical installation will use ADSL to provide connectivity to the wide area and WLAN to provide multiuser access within the residence. Consequently, apart from variations in latency caused by capacity distribution between the interleave and fast paths, it can also be subject to random variations in capacity caused by sharing the link with other users within the residence. ADSL is an important broadband technology. It provides high-speed access over existing telephony links. However, like most broadband access networks, it can be subject to random fluctuations in bit rates and latency. 8.5 Wireless LANs Perhaps the most interesting recent developments in access networks have been in wireless- based access, particularly that class of wireless technologies known as WLAN or WiFi. WLANs provide great flexibility and convenience for those providing and using an access network. Access network coverage can be provided quickly and easily. Many user devices such as laptops and Personal Digital Assistants now have WLAN networking cards built into them.
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